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 [Search a list of Patent Appplications for class 144]   CLASS 144,WOODWORKING
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SECTION I - CLASS DEFINITION

This class includes any machine or process for working in wood not classified elsewhere under a more specific title.

SECTION II - REFERENCES TO OTHER CLASSES

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

12, Boot and Shoe Making,   for cutting, shaping, or grooving a wooden heel where means is provided to hold or position the work, which means is configured or modified to engage a particular heel structure.
29, Metal Working,   subclasses 428+ and 700+ for an assembly method or apparatus respectively not more specifically provided for elsewhere.
173, Tool Driving or Impacting,   for subject matter directed to driving or impacting a tool, when such subject matter includes combined features peculiar to tool driving, but which does not include features limiting the subject matter to a specific tool art, such as the specific shape of the work-contacting portion of a tool, related tools, or an opposed work support.
175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   for a process or apparatus for boring a hole in the Earth.
227, Elongated-Member-Driving Apparatus,   for applying a member (e.g., dowel).
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,   especially subclass 28 for a processor apparatus for performing a nonshaping comminuting operation on wood; see section 4 of the class definition of Class 241 for the line.
269, Work Holders,   for a device for clamping, supporting, or holding an article (or articles) in position to be operated on or treated. See notes thereunder for other related loci.
483, Tool Changing,   generally for a process or apparatus including a tool transfer means combined with either a tool support or storage means.

SECTION III - GLOSSARY

BARK

The peripheral natural covering of a tree*.

GRAIN

Fibers of wood* that extend along the length of a tree*.

LOG

A longitudinal section cut from a tree*, generally cut normal thereto at both ends.

LUMBER

Building material cut from a tree*, generally cut from a log*, generally without bark*.

SLAB

A portion of a log* comprising a longitudinally extending section cut from the side of a log*, similar to lumber*, but with the bark* side uncut.

TREE

A plant large enough to serve as a source of lumber*.

WOOD

The fibrous material of a tree*.

SUBCLASSES

[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 1.1]    1.1COMBINED MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Apparatus including a first structure for performing an operation of this class on a workpiece, and including a second structure for performing a second, distinct, operation on the same or a second workpiece.
(1) Note. The first operation under this definition must be woodworking, the second must be distinct from the first and may comprise a woodworking operation or a nonwoodworking operation. Also, the "second" operation may be simultaneous with the first, in sequence thereto, or completely independent thereof.

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2.1+,for a machine for making a particular article and not readily adaptable to general use.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 2.1]    2.1SPECIAL-WORK MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine adapted to perform some particular operation or make some particular article and which, unless modified to a considerable degree, would not be useful for a general woodworking operation.

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409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   subclasses 1+ for a method or apparatus for cutting a gear, including cutting a gear of wood.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 3.1]    3.1Combined:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Special-work machine including a first structure for performing an operation of this class on a workpiece and including a second structure for performing a second, distinct, operation on the same or a second workpiece.
(1) Note. The first operation under this definition must be woodworking, the second must be distinct from the first and may comprise a woodworking operation or a nonwoodworking operation. Also, the "second" operation may be simultaneous with the first, in sequence thereto, or completely independent thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

1.1+,for a combined machine under the class definition, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 3.5]    3.5Wheel facing or hub boring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine particularly adapted to (a) cut a planar surface on a wheel normal to its axis or (b) cut a cylindrical passage along the axis of the wheel.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

29, Metal Working,   subclasses 894+ for a method of making a wheel other than of wood.
157, Wheelwright Machines,   for means to treat a wheel, particularly subclass 2 for a rim tightener and subclasses 3+ for a spoke setter.
301, Land Vehicles: Wheels and Axles,   for a wheel made by the apparatus of this subclass.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4]    4Circular section:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine particularly adapted to work on spindles, balusters, and similar work which is circular in cross-section.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

142, Wood Turning,   for the cutting of a rotating workpiece or of a nonrotating workpiece by a cutter that orbits thereabout with movement of the cutter other than axially with respect to the workpiece.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   for cutting by relative rotation of a tool and workpiece with only axial movement therebetween.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.1]    4.1Timber cutting and handling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine particularly adapted to (a) bring a tree down and manipulate a portion, (b) remove and manipulate the branches from a trunk of a tree, (c) remove and manipulate the bark from a tree or log without substantial shaping, or (d) treat a tree or product incidental to any of the above and manipulate a component thereof.

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34.1,for a tree felling means, generally.
335+,for a method of tree harvesting or processing.

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30, Cutlery,   subclasses 165+ for a cutting tool which may be capable of severing a tree from the ground, but without limitation that would limit it to timber harvesting or processing (e.g., without means to push the trunk of a tree as it is severed from the stump. More particularly, search subclasses 90.1+ for means for cutting a tree by a constricting band, search subclasses 166.3+ of Class 30 for a saw capable of cutting timber, still more specifically, search subclasses 381+ for a chain saw and subclasses 388+ for a rotary saw.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.2]    4.2Assembly-line type:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine including a first working station and a distinct, second working station and including means to transport the work from the first station to the second station.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.3]    4.3Pivoted travelling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine adapted to perform more than a single operation including support means for a tool comprising an arm on which at least one tool is supported for sliding movement therealong, wherein that arm is, in turn, supported for movement about an axis.
(1) Note. A "radial-arm" saw is a "pivoted travelling" woodworking machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.4]    4.4Tie gaining and boring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine including structure particularly adapted to cutting a groove in a workpiece of lumber at substantially right angles to the grain combined with structure particularly adapted to forming or enlarging an opening within the workpiece; wherein the workpiece comprises a rail supporting tie to be used on a railroad.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

133.1,for gaining a railroad tie, generally; see the notes thereunder for a discussion of "gaining."
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.5]    4.5Carried by tract car:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine adapted to perform more than a single operation, which machine is supported to ride on a vehicle that, in turn, is guided to move along a rail.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.6]    4.6Splitting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine adapted to perform more than a single operation, including a member having a sharp edge and two sides tapering therefrom, which sharp edge is intended to be forced between the grains of a wood workpiece such that the tapering sides force one grain from the other thereby separating one portion of the workpiece from another in the direction of the grain of the wood.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.7]    4.7Assembling connector to wood strip for subsequent assembly with another wood strip:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine adapted to perform more than a single operation, including means to bring together or secure together a wood member with a member intended to hold the wood member to an adjacent, similar, wood member.
(1) Note. Included herein is means for making a parquet flooring subassembly.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.8]    4.8Printing or marking:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine wherein the second structure is particularly adapted to placing an identifying coating on a workpiece, which coating may comprise recognizable indicia.

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101, Printing,   for a process of or apparatus for placing a recognizable indicia on a workpiece, generally. Generally speaking, the recording of intelligence by cutting is proper subject matter for Class 101, Printing. More particularly, individual cases of cutting machines or method may be tested for aptness to Class 101 by reference to the following statements: (a) A patent for a machine or process for cutting on or adjacent the printed or written matter on a document to prevent unauthorized or fraudulent alteration of such matter due to the proximity of the cut surfaces to the printed or written matter (e.g., check protecting) will be placed originally in Class 101, subclasses 3.1+ ; (b) A patent for a machine or process for cutting work in the form of a character, a design, or a pattern which will impart information to an observer is proper for Class 101, subclasses 3.1+, if a cut is disclosed as extending only part way through the thickness of the work (e.g., embossing). If all of the cuts forming such character, design, or pattern are disclosed as extending all the way through the thickness of the work, and the work is of wood, the patent will be found in Class 144; (c) If in addition to a cutting machine or process of this class 144 there is claimed a means or step peculiar to Class 101 (e.g., the application of ink to the cutting tool to additionally outline or mark an aperture made by the punch), such an addition has been considered sufficient to place a patent directed to such combination in Class 101, subclasses 3.1+. This is in accordance with the general rule that a patent for a combination of cutting with another treatment of the work will be placed in the class of the other treatment; (d) An original patent claiming both the process and apparatus for the manufacture of stencils by cutting, or only such process, will be found in Class 101, subclass 128.4.
118, Coating Apparatus,   for means to place a coating on a workpiece.
401, Coating Implements With Material Supply,   for a pencil which may be used to mark a wood workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 4.9]    4.9Slabbing-off, log squaring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine including (a) means for slicing off a side wall (i.e., parallel to the grain) of a log to make a planar surface and including means for performing a second operation or (b) means for slicing off a side wall (also parallel to the grain) normal to the surface of a previously sliced off side wall.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

83, Cutting,   subclasses 703+ for cutting a rectilinearly reciprocating workpiece by making plural passes of a diminishing workpiece through a work station (e.g., for cutting lumber out a log).
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 5]    5Blind or sash cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the making of a wood component of a window covering which (a) blocks out light or (b) which includes a transparent component which transmits light.
(1) Note. A machine for performing a single operation in the manufacture of a window blind or sash -- such as planing, tenoning, shaping, etc.-- is classified under these various headings with a general operation machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 6]    6Relishing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 5.  Machine adapted to the frame of a blind or sash by more than a single operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 6.5]    6.5Box making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Special work machine particularly adapted to assemble the components of a container of wood or to perform more than a single operation in fabricating such a container.
(1) Note. Assembling plus another operation of fabricating a container is included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

24.03,for means for making a box of wood, generally.
25,for a box hooping means.
135,for a box trimming means.

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147, Coopering,   for assembling the components or fabricating a wood barrel or bucket, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 7]    7Box blank making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted by more than one operation to cut a planar member to later be formed into a box.
(1) Note. A machine for performing a single operation in the production of box-blanks is classified with the general machine performing such respective operations.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 8]    8Chair-round trimming and tenoning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to cut off the end of a chair frame structure intended to extend from one chair leg to the other and form a tenon at the end of such frame structure.

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205,for a machine which makes a tenon by turning.

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142, Wood Turning,   for cutting a rotating wood workpiece, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 9]    9Clothespin making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of a clip member intended to hold fabric to a suspending strand or bar.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 10]    10Conveyor flight making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of a conveyor flight.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 11]    11Handle making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of a handle for use on any of various implements.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

196+,for a device for punching a hand hole in a handle.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 12]    12Pin making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of wooden pins.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

30,for pin making by a single operation.
196,for woodworking by a punching cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 13]    13Shingle making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of shingles.
(1) Note. A "shingle" in this subclass comprises a thin, oblong (usually rectangular) sheet of wood intended to be laid in overlapping rows to cover the roof or side of a house.
(2) Note. The art of this subclass includes making: a "shingle" which is sometimes limited to such member that is sawn on top and bottom to taper from one end to the other, a "shake" which is split on the top edge and sawn on the bottom edge, and a "board" which is split on both the top and bottom edge.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 14]    14Spool making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in the manufacture of a wood member intended to have strand material wrapped thereabout.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

24.07,for a woodworking machine for making a bobbin, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 15]    15Wheel spoke tenoning and hub or felly boring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to form a tenon on the end of wheel spoke and bore a hole in the wheel hub or felly to receive that tenon.
(1) Note. A conventional wood wheel consists of a hub, the portion nearest the axle which receives either the "web" or the "spokes," depending on the type wheel. The spokes extend to the outer periphery of the wheel where they are received by the "felly," a wood band having sockets for the ends of the spokes. An iron band called a "tire" holds the components of the felly against radial movement and acts as the surface of the wheel to engage the ground.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 16]    16Wheel hub making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations in making a wheel hub.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,(1) Note, for a discussion of the components of a wheel.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 18]    18Wheel spoke trimming and tenoning:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to perform two or more operations to cut a wheel spoke to a desired length and form a tenon at the end thereof.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

205,for a machine which makes a tenon by turning.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

142, Wood Turning,   for cutting a rotating wood workpiece, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 19]    19Window-stile-pocket cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 3.1.  Machine adapted to cut a mortise in the frame of a window for receipt of a tenon by means of two or more operations.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 20]    20Disk cutting and boring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine particularly adapted to perform two or more operations to cut out a cylindrical blank and to cut the interior thereof to form or enlarge an opening therein.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 21]    21Disk cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to cut out or otherwise shape a very short cylinder.
(1) Note. The machine of this subclass is commonly used to make a cork, bung, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 23]    23By rotary tubular cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 21.  Machine for cutting a disk by means of a cylindrical cutter which is rotated about its central axil as the end thereof is brought into contact with the work in order to obtain a shearing cut.
(1) Note. The workpiece of this subclass may be cork.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

142, Wood Turning,   subclasses 32+ for wood turning by a tool having a hollow cutting head.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating, Axially Moving Tool,   for cutting a workpiece by a tool that moves axially with respect to the workpiece without additional relative motion; particularly subclasses 229+ for a cutting tool of that class having an axially extending relief channel.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24]    24By sweep cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 21.  Machine having a cutting blade mounted in a rotating block adapted to turn about an axis through the block, such that the blade penetrates the workpiece, then, by rotation of the block, is orbited about a path to cut a circle of product away from the remaining work.
(1) Note. In most cases, the device of this subclass has means for setting the blade at varying distances from the center and may have means for setting the blade at an angle in order to cut a tapering cork or bung.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

30, Cutlery,   subclasses 310+ for a sweep cutter of general utility.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.02]    24.02Core or panel machine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine particularly adapted to making a member to be enclosed by another member or a planar member to be encircled by a casing.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.03]    24.03Box making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine particularly adapted to manufacture a container of wood.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.5,for combined machines for making a box of wood.
25,for a box hooping machine.
135,for a box trimming means.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.04]    24.04Box hinging:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.03.  Machine particularly adapted to preparing a container for receipt of a hinge to be assembled therewith or for assembly of such a hinge and container.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.5,for a combined machine for making a box.
7,for a combined machine for making a box blank.
27,for a machine for cutting the seat for a hinge, including the seat for a box hinge.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.05]    24.05Block surfacing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine particularly adapted to smooth an outer surface of a six-sided member the sides of which meet, generally, at right angles.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.06]    24.06Stopper making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to form a member intended to be used to plug a hole in a container.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.07]    24.07Bobbin making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to form a member intended to be used to form a spoollike device for storing thread for use in a textile manufacturing operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

14,for a combined machine for making a spool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.08]    24.08Bowling pin making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to form a member intended to be used as one of the targets in a game of "bowling."
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.09]    24.09Bowling ball making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to form a spherical member intended to be used as the rolling projectile in a game of "bowling."

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408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   subclass 16 for means for drilling a finger hole in a bowling ball, including gauge means to establish the angle and direction of the hole.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.1]    24.1Log punching:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to pierce radially through a log*.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.11]    24.11And expanding:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1.  Machine intended to also force the grain of the wood apart in the area pierced.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.12]    24.12Stump removing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 24.1.  Machine intended to in situ destroy the portion of a tree remaining in the earth after the trunk has been removed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

334,for a method of removing a stump.

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37, Excavating,   for digging a stump out of the ground, generally; particularly subclass 195 for such a process.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.13]    24.13Tree delimbing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to remove the branches from a standing tree intended to be felled or from a felled tree at the site of felling.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

34.1+,for tree felling means combined with delimbing means.
208.1+,for a debarking means combined with a delimbing means.
343,for a method of tree delimbing.

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30, Cutlery,   for a randomly manipulated implement for pruning, generally; particularly subclasses 166.3+ for a saw, with or without a drive motor, for cutting the limbs off any plant; and subclasses 173+ for a tool having plural blades with or without a drive motor. More particularly, search subclasses 175+ for a nipper, especially subclass 180 for motorized nipper; and subclasses 194+ for a shear, especially subclass 228 for a motorized shear.
47, Plant Husbandry,   subclass 1.01 for pruning the branches off a particular variety of plant (e.g., off a palm).
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.14]    24.14Lumber deknotting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to remove irregularities from lumber.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.15]    24.15Ring jointing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to connect a first wood member to an overlying second wood member by grooving the first generally annularly, and grooving the second such that an intermediate annular flange will prevent relative lateral motion therebetween.
(1) Note. Commonly a bolt will secure the wood members from movement away from each other.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.16]    24.16Patch cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to either (a) remove undesired material from lumber or other wood in anticipation of insertion of replacement material or (b) cut such replacement material.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.17]    24.17Using rattan:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to work with material from a vine or climbing Asian palm.
(1) Note. Making of wickerwork is included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

333,for a process of making a product of rattan.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.18]    24.18Ladder making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to construct a portable member intended to be climbed.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.19]    24.19Rack or grid making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to construct a compartmented support or framework.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.2]    24.2Staglike handle making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to carve a handle of wood in a manner to cause the handle to appear as if it is of the horn of a deer or similar animal.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.21]    24.21Oil cake trimming:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to remove surplus material from the edge of a wood block, which wood block is used as a filler in a press which expresses oil from an oil bearing product (e.g., from cotton seed).
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.22]    24.22Wood shoe or wood shoe last making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to construct, of wood, a member intended to be worn on the foot of a man; or to make, of wood, a member to become a foot underlying, stiffening part of a member intended to be worn on the foot of a man.
(1) Note. A wood shoe may be called a sabot.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

134.2,for a shaping machine of general utility especially adapted to making a wooden shoe or wood last.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.23]    24.23Garment hanger making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to construct a removable member intended to storingly support an article of apparel.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.24]    24.24Golf club making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine intended to construct an implement intended to propel a ball in the game of golf.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 24.25]    24.25Lifter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine comprising means to raise a a workpiece against gravity in the performance of a woodworking operation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

254, Implements or Apparatus for Applying Pushing or Pulling Force,   for a lifting device, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 25]    25Box hooping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to apply a band around a small box, wherein the band is usually made of wire.

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6.5,for a combined machine for making a box.
24.03,for box making, generally.

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147, Coopering,   subclasses 7 through 12for a machine for assembling a hoop on a wood barrel or bucket and subclasses 43 through 46 for means related to making the hoop.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 26]    26Comb-teeth cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to cut comb-teeth in the manufacture of combs.

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119, Animal Husbandry,   subclasses 86+ for a currycomb.
132, Toilet,   subclasses 219+ for a toilet comb.
425, Plastic Article or Earthenware Shaping or Treating: Apparatus,   for a means to shape the teeth of a comb from plastic material.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 27]    27Hinge-seat cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to cut the mortise or bed in the wood in which a hinge is to be placed.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

6.5,for a combined machine for making a box, which may include cutting the seat for a hinge.
24.04,for means for performing an operation for hinging a box, other than hinge seat cutting.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28]    28Pencil-wood making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to perform such operations in the manufacture of pencil-wood as are not elsewhere specifically classified.
(1) Note. A machine for performing one of such operations as splitting, slicing, sawing, planing, turning, etc., is placed in the respective class of a machine of general utility.

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41,for a combined machine for shaping and dividing, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.1]    28.1Pencil sharpening:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  A machine including (a) a holder or guide for a workpiece, which workpiece consists of or includes a piece of attritable marking material and (b) either a cutting tool, or a cutting tool and means engaging the tool to retain it on the machine, said tool being movable with respect to the work holder or guide, or to the tool-engaging means, for removing a portion of the material from the end of the workpiece to form a point or beveled edge thereon.
(1) Note. A patent to a guide and tool subcombination disclosed only as being used in a machine, or to a disclosed combination of this class in which a "sharpener" is claimed broadly, will be placed in this, or an indented, subclass rather than in the Cutlery class.
(2) Note. This subclass, rather than any subclass indented hereunder, is the locus of patents to devices wherein the tool and tool support are stationary relative to a support for the machine so that the workpiece must be manually carried to and associated with the machine for the material-removing operation, and wherein the tool (generally of the face type) as defined in Class 30, subclass 462, is stationary relative to the tool-engaging means so that the work holder or guide must be movable relative thereto for material-removing contact of the workpiece with the tool.

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30,for a machine for pointing a wooden workpiece other than a pencil.

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30, Cutlery,   subclasses 451+ for a pencil-sharpening implement (i.e., one having a static work holder or guide and a static tool, including indented subclass 462, wherein the tool is of the face type).
142, Wood Turning,   subclasses 4 through 57for cutting a circular section of a rotating workpiece or of a stationary workpiece by an orbiting tool, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.11]    28.11Hand manipulable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.1.  Machine in which the tool, along with any additional structure movable therewith, and the remaining structure of the machine which is movable relative to the tool for the material-removing operation, are manually supported and controlled in the hands of the user for said operation.
(1) Note. The remaining structure may be manually supported through the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.2]    28.2Including elongated work holder or guide for edge-beveling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.1.  Machine in which one tool-confronting dimension of the holder or guide is substantially greater than another such dimension in order to present a correspondingly long edge portion of a workpiece to the tool for an edge-tapering operation.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

124,through 127, for a planing machine adapted to produce a bevel on work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.3]    28.3Movable tool:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.1.  Machine including means to move, or to guide the movement of, the tool relative to the workpiece and to the tool-retaining means, for the material-removing operation.

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82, Turning,   subclass 101 for means to hold, maintain, or revolve a workpiece in a turning machine.
142, Wood Turning,   subclasses 4 through 57for cutting a circular section of a rotating workpiece or of a stationary workpiece by an orbiting tool, generally, including cutting by use of a moving tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.4]    28.4Work actuated tool drive:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.3.  Machine wherein force applied directly to the workpiece while in the machine puts the workpiece in motion and thereby supplies the energy for operating said means to move the tool.

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28.7,for an orbiting pencil-sharpener cutter that is rotated about its own axis directly by engagement with the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.5]    28.5Work controlled switch for tool drive:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.3.  Machine including means to connect the means for moving the tool to, and to disconnect it from, a source of energy, and wherein the means to connect and disconnect is actuated by movement of the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.6]    28.6Rotatable or revolvable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.3.  Machine wherein the movement of the tool is through an arc of at least 360 degrees about an axis extending therethrough or spaced therefrom.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.7]    28.7Planetary:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.6.  Machine including means to rotate the tool on its own axis and simultaneously to revolve it about another axis through the workpiece so as to maintain it in material-removing contact with the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.71]    28.71Plural tools:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.7.  Machine including more than one planetary cutting tool, each of which rotates about its own axis.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.72]    28.72Including orbital or electric motor drive:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.6.  Machine including means for rotating the tool, which means either (a) includes a pair of rotatable elements having peripheral surfaces in continuous engagement with, and movable relative to, one another for transfer of motive force between said elements or (b) is powered by electrical energy.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.8]    28.8Work holder or guide also rotary:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.6.  Machine wherein the work holder or guide is movable about its own internal axis and relative to the tool during the material-removing operation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

82, Turning,   subclass 101 for means to revolve work in a turning machine.
142, Wood Turning,   subclass 57 for a socket work holder of a wood-turning machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 28.9]    28.9Rotary work holder or guide:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 28.3.  Machine wherein the work holder or guide is movable about its own internal axis and relative to the tool during the material-removing operation.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

82, Turning,   subclass 101 for means to revolve work in a turning machine.
142, Wood Turning,   subclass 57 for a socket work holder of a wood-turning machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 29]    29Piano-hammer felting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to fold glue-covered felt about and secure it by pressure to a piano-hammer.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

156, Adhesive Bonding and Miscellaneous Chemical Manufacture,   subclasses 349+ for surface laminating apparatus, in general.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 30]    30Pin pointing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine adapted to sharpen the end of a wood stick.
(1) Note. Included herein is the placement of a point on a fence-picket, skewer, shoe-peg, hop-pole, dowel-pin, etc.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

28.1+,for a pencil-sharpening machine (i.e., including a dynamically related cutter and work holder or work guide element).

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30, Cutlery,   subclasses 451+ for a pencil-sharpening implement including a statically related cutter and work holder or work guide element.
142, Wood Turning,   subclasses 27 , 28, 29, 30, and 32 for a hollow cutter chisel which could be used to sharpen a stick.
168, Farriery,   subclass 46 for a device to sharpen the calk of a horseshoe, except by a grinding operation.
451, Abrading,   subclass 346 for a device to sharpen the calk of a horseshoe by grinding.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 33]    33Tray making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine for cutting out a veneer dish, or a wooden bowl or tray of greater thickness than veneer.

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147, Coopering,   subclass 36 and indented subclasses for miscellaneous barrelhead making.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.1]    34.1Tree felling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Various apparatus for cutting down a tree.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

4.1,for a special work machine "particularly" adapted to both timber cutting and handling.
193,for a device for splitting a stump in situ, (i.e., in the earth).
335+,for a method of tree harvesting or processing.

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30, Cutlery,   subclasses 95+ for a work-supported, strand encircling, contractile cutter; subclasses 166.3+ for a saw, generally, that is randomly manipulated, particularly subclass 379 for a vehicle-mounted saw wherein the saw support and vehicle are moved together randomly with respect to the work during cutting, subclass 379.5 for a vehicle-mounted saw wherein the saw support structure moves relative to the vehicle and randomly relative to the work during cutting, and subclasses 381+ for a chainsaw. Note the cutter device of Class 30 may be used to cut a tree, but the combination of a Class 30 cutter with additional structure to direct the fall of a tree is to be found in Class 144.
56, Harvesters,   subclasses 229+ for a harvesting device supported on the ground and specialized to the cutting or mowing of small grain, grass, and the like.
83, Cutting,   cross-reference art collection 928 for an art collection of cutting machines, each of which includes a work support mounted on a vehicle.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.2]    34.2Tree puller or pusher:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 34.1.  Tree felling means including means to draw or shove the tree away from the standing position.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.3]    34.3Antisplit clamp:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 34.1.  Tree felling with means to grip the trunk of the tree or stump to prevent longitudinal subdividing thereof.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.4]    34.4Burning or charring means:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 34.1.  Tree felling means including means to consume a portion of the tree or bark by fire.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.5]    34.5Shear:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 34.1.  Tree felling means including a pair of blades adapted to slide past each other; one blade approaching the wood of the tree from one side, the other blade engaging the tree from the other side to sever the wood therebetween.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 34.6]    34.6Single blade and pass means:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 34.1.  Tree felling means including a cutting member and additional structure to cause that member to pass through the trunk of a tree in a single encounter.
(1) Note. The blade of this subclass is commonly attached to the blade of a bulldozer and serves to slice through the trunk of a tree just above the ground. Normally this would be done at a single pass; however, it is noted that if the tree is too large or the device carrying the blade is too small, the action may take more than a single encounter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 35.1]    35.1Boring and sawing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including apparatus to cut a workpiece by relative rotary plus axially moving tool and including apparatus to subdivide a workpiece by a planar, toothed cutter that moves parallel to the plane to cut .
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 35.2]    35.2Attachment for converting one tool to other:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 35.1.  Boring and sawing machine comprising structure that allows the same cutter to perform both boring and sawing.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 36]    36Planing and matching:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 2.1.  Machine for surfacing the edges of lumber, comprising means for forming a tongue on one edge and a tongue receiving groove on the other edge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

117.1+,for a rotary cylindrical cutter, the type commonly used by the device of this subclass.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 37]    37Planing, matching, and dividing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine for surfacing wide boards, dividing them longitudinally into two or more strips, and tonguing and grooving each strip.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 38]    38Planing and polishing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine adapted to plane lumber and then further smooth it by means of a polisher.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

451, Abrading,   for polishing or grinding by use of abrasive material.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 39]    39Planing and sawing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine adapted to dress flat-surface lumber and to use a saw to cut the lumber to length.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 40]    40Riving and shaving:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine for controlled splitting and scraping away the surface of rattan, hoop-poles, or the like in one operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 41]    41Shaping and dividing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine for giving some predetermined contour to several parallel pieces of work and simultaneously dividing them from a common piece of stock and from each other.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

136.1+,for grooving a wood workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 42]    42Slicing and scoring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Slicing machine which has a device for scoring the face of the bolt from which the slices are cut.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 43]    43Slicing and shaving:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Machine which cuts slices from a block of wood and then shaves the surfaces smooth.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 44]    44Converging knives:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 43.  Combined slicing and shaving machine in which the severed slice is simultaneously shaved and beveled by a pair of converging knives.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

126,for a bevelling planer that uses a longitudinal, shifting cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 46]    46Turning and boring:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including a lathe and a boring machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 47]    47Turning and polishing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including a lathe and a polishing machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48]    48Turning and sawing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including a lathe and a sawing machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.1]    48.1Turret tools:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including plural tools for distinct purposes mounted in a single tool support that is pivotable to implement each tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.2]    48.2Coaxial tools, different work levels:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including plural tools for distinct purposes, mounted to turn about the same axis, but spaced along that axis.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.3]    48.3Tippable frame:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine including underlying structure intended to be repositioned about an axis to present the tool to the work from a different direction.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.4]    48.4Combined band-saw:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine wherein one of the tools is in the form of a single band of material connected to itself as an endless loop.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.5]    48.5Hand-held:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine intended to be supported by the hand of an operative, when in use.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.6]    48.6Attachments to hand-held:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 48.6.  Combined machine including a component that is readily secured thereto and serves to augment the use of the machine or to allow use of the machine in a distinct way.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 48.7]    48.7Different motor positions:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 1.1.  Combined machine wherein the woodworking tool is intended to be caused to move by a prime mover, which machine further includes distinct locations intended to supportingly receive that prime mover.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 49]    49MISCELLANEOUS SINGLE-OPERATION:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine performing only one operation, as distinguished from a combined machine, and not otherwise specifically classified.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 50]    50MATCH MAKER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine which severs splints and then carries them through one or more of the processes necessary for the production of matches or which takes the splints already severed and passes them through one or more of the operations involved in the conversion of the splints into matches.
(1) Note. A machine for boxing the finished matches is also included in this subclass.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

53, Package Making,   for a method of or apparatus for encompassing or encasing goods or materials with a separate cover or band which serves as means for identifying, protecting, or unit handling the goods or materials; search particularly subclasses 394+ for making matchbooks.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 51]    51Wax or paper:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine for the manufacture of matches from paperboard or waxed cord instead of wooden splints.
(1) Note. This is an exception to the workpiece of this class is of wood. The wax or paper art is collected here because the operation is so similar to that of making a match of wood.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

53, Package Making,   subclasses 394+ for a method of or apparatus for making matchbooks.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 52]    52Cutting, framing, and dipping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine which severs splints from blocks or veneers and carries them through all the operations necessary for the production of the finished matches.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 53]    53Die punch:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 52.  Cutting, framing, and dipping machine in which the cutting of the splints is done by a reciprocating die-punch which carries the severed splints to and inserts them into the dipping-frames.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 54]    54Cutting and framing:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine which cuts the match-splints from veneers or blocks and mounts the splints in frames or conveyors for dipping.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 55]    55Die punch:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 54.  Cutting and framing machine which severs the splints from the block by means of reciprocating die-punches which carry the splints to the frames and inserts them therein.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 56]    56Fixed die punch:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 55.  Cutting and framing machine including use of a punch that is fixed in position and the block is fed to it, the splints being severed at each movement, forcing out of the punch those cut at a preceding stroke.

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197,for a punching-cutter in which the wood is forced down upon a fixed die.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 57]    57Cutting and coiling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine which severs the splints from blocks or veneers and winds them into coils for dipping.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 58]    58Framing and dipping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine which inserts the severed splints or splint-blocks into a dipping-frame or conveyor and dips the splints into the baths necessary to form the heads.
(1) Note. In most of these machines the splints are fed from a hopper to some form of conveyor.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 59]    59Coiling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine wherein the match-splints are fed from a hopper or some other holding means to a device which coils the splints into bunches by means of tapes or cords.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 60]    60Dipping:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine which forms the head upon the framed or coiled match-splints, but which does not insert the splints into frames or conveyors.
(1) Note. Features of conveyor construction are sometimes shown on the devices found herein.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 61]    61Box filling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine for boxing matches or other small splints and not including a mechanism for performing any of the operations involved in the manufacture of the matches or the boxes.

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191,for a receiving and handling device used in slivering.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

53, Package Making,   for a method of or apparatus for encompassing or encasing goods or materials with a separate cover or band which serves as means for identifying, protecting, or unit handling the goods or materials; especially subclasses 558+ for apparatus to form or partly form a receptacle and to subsequently fill the same and subclass 236 for depositing long, slender articles (e.g., matches) in a preformed receptacle.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 62]    62Emptying:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 65.  Machine which expels the matches from a dipping-frame or conveyor after the completion of the dipping process.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 63]    63Filling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 65.  Machine for inserting match-splints into a dipping-frame or conveyor or interweaving them with cords, wires, or tapes which serve in lieu of a frame.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 64]    64Hopper feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 63.  Machine for filling a dipping-frame in which the splints are fed from a hopper to the inserting device.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 65]    65Dipping frame:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Machine for holding a match-splint during the operation of dipping and methods of interweaving match-splints with cords, wires, or tapes to serve in lieu of frames.
(1) Note. A subcombination of a dipping frame for use with a machine of subclass 50 is included herein.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

52+,for match making including cutting, framing, and dipping.
58+,for match making including framing and dipping.
60,for match making including dipping.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 66]    66Splint feed mechanism:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 50.  Device for feeding the match-splints to the machines of ... which convert them into finished matches, including a hopper, a conveyor belt, and means for communicating motion to the belt.

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221, Article Dispensing,   for article dispensers (feeders) not otherwise provided for; see the class definition of Class 221 for a statement of the class lines and for the disposition of related disclosures of article and strip feeding processes and apparatus.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 67]    67Multiple chisel:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Chisel mortising machine in which there are several chisels with means for operating them.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 68]    68Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 67.  Multiple-chisel mortiser adapted to be moved about or placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto, and driven by a hand-crank.
(1) Note. The cutter-carriage is usually fed along instead of feeding the work as in stationary machines.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 69]    69Auger cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Mortising machine including a rotary cutter having side and end cutting edges adapted to first bore into the wood workpiece and then move sideways to cut any width of mortise desired.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 70]    70Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 69.  Auger-cutter mortiser adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto, and driven by a hand-crank.
(1) Note. In the machine of this subclass, the cutter-carriage is usually fed into the work instead of the work being fed as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 71]    71Automatic step feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 69.  Auger-cutter mortiser having a step-feed, and also a diagonal feed, by which a succession of inclined mortises are formed in a blind-stile to take the ends of the slats.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 72]    72MORTISING MACHINE HAVING CHAIN-TYPE CUTTER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine adapted to cut a mortise by means of series of chisel-cutters carried by a moving endless chain, supported on a frame by pulleys, which is presented to the work at the pulley end.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 73]    73Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 72.  Chain mortising machine adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto and driven by a hand-crank.
(1) Note. In the machine of this subclass, the cutter-carriage is usually fed into the work instead of the work being fed as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 74]    74Boring cutter and mortising chisel cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Mortising machine including a rotary, boring cutter combined with an elongated cutter having a sharp, leading cutting edge.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

78,for a square cross-section mortising chisel with an auger passing through its center.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 75]    75MORTISING MACHINE HAVING CHISEL:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine which cuts a groove for receipt of a cooperating portion of another member by means of an elongated cutter having a sharp leading cutting edge.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

83, Cutting,   for grooving, other than in woodworking.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   subclasses 326+ for a planing machine having a reciprocating cutter infeed.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 76]    76Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Chisel mortising machine which is adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto.
(1) Note. The cutter-carriage is usually fed along instead of feeding the work, as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 77]    77Chisel reverser:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Mortising machine having means for reversing the chisel in order to square the mortise at each end.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 78]    78Hollow chisel and bit:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Mortising-machine having a hollow square chisel with a boring-bit operating inside thereof.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 79]    79Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 78.  Hollow-chisel and bit machine adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto.
(1) Note. The cutter-carriage is usually fed along instead of feeding the work, as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 80]    80Oscillating chisel:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Machine which has a bar upon the end of which is a pivoted chisel having its edge at right angles to the bar and which is oscillated and cuts its way into the wood to form a mortise.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 81]    81Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 75.  Oscillating-chisel mortiser which is adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto.
(1) Note. The cutter-carriage is usually fed along instead of feeding the work, as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 82]    82MORTISING MACHINE HAVING ROTARY CUTTER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine adapted to for cut a groove for receipt of a cooperating portion of another member by means of a tool that turns about its central axis.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 83]    83Portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 82.  Rotary cutter mortiser under subclass adapted to be moved about and placed upon the work, generally clamped thereto, and driven by a hand-crank.
(1) Note. In the machine of this subclass, the cutter-carriage is usually fed into the work, instead of the work being fed as in a stationary machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 84]    84WORK SUPPORT FOR MORTISING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Clamp for holding the work, device for elevating and feeding the carriage, or a stop or gauge for locating a groove for receipt of a cooperating portion of another member, wherein it forms part of the machine structure.
(1) Note. A gauge which is a mere tool is classified as a measuring instrument.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

33, Geometrical Instruments,   for a gauge which is a mere tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 85]    85DOVETAILING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine specialized for forming an undercut groove, not otherwise classifiable.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 86]    86Consecutive cutters:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Machine in which the dovetailed groove is formed by the successive action of two or more dissimilar cutters.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 87]    87Frusto-conical bit:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Machine in which the undercut groove is formed by the relative lateral movement of a bit broader at the point than at the shank.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

86,for consecutive cutters used to form an undercut groove.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 88]    88Inclined chisel:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Machine having pairs or sets of chisels reciprocating at an angle to each other and the work to produce undercut recesses.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 89]    89Inclined rotary disk:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 85.  Machine producing undercut-grooves by means of toothed disks having an inclination to each other or to the work-support, which is less than a right angle.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 90.1]    90.1MATCHING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for producing a tongue along one edge and a tongue receiving groove along the other edge of a piece of lumber.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

36,for a machine for planing and matching lumber.
37,for a machine for planing, matching, and dividing lumber.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 91]    91End:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 91.1.  Machine for producing a tongue across one end of a piece of lumber and a groove across the other end of a piece of lumber.
(1) Note. The lumber finished by the machine of this subclass may comprise flooring material, etc.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 91.2]    91.2Matching cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 90.1.  Machine including particular limitations in the cutter bit.

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407, Cutters, for Shaping,   subclasses 34+ for a rotary cutting tool for a face or end mill which may be capable of cutting a tongue or a groove in a workpiece, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 92]    92BORING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for cutting to form or to enlarge an opening particularly in a wood workpiece.
(1) Note. Boring a felly or tenoning a spoke is included herein. Note that boring and mortising are in this class under their various subclass titles.
(2) Note. The tool used in the machine of this subclass rotates with respect to the workpiece and may move radially or axially with respect thereto.

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97+,indented hereunder for means for boring a wheel hub.

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175, Boring or Penetrating the Earth,   subclass 162 and the search there noted for an earth boring device provided with means to feed the tool, and subclasses 70+ for a tool drive prime mover or mechanical motion converting drive means for an earth boring device.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   for boring (or other cutting) of wood (or other material) by a tool which turns about an axis and moves along that axis relative to a workpiece, wherein no additional motion is imported to the tool during operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 93.1]    93.1Special work:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Machine, not otherwise classified, designed to work on some special article (e.g., to bore a chair-seat, spool, or shoe-lasts) and not adapted, without modification, for a general boring purpose.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 93.2]    93.2Last:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 93.1.  Machine particularly adapted to support a member, which member is intended to be used as a form on which a shoe for use by a human is to be built.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 96]    96Tilting work holder for brush:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Machine in which a more or less flat brush-block is successively tilted to the various angles desired for the holes to be bored so that the bristles when inserted will have the proper flare.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 97]    97Wheel hub:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Machine adapted to bore spoke-holes in the hub.

SEE OR SEARCH THIS CLASS, SUBCLASS:

15,for a combined special work machine for wheel tenoning and boring.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 98]    98Axially using stationary bitstock:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 97.  Machine in which the work is rotated while the bit-stock remains stationary.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 99]    99Axially using stationary workholder:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 97.  Machine in which the work is stationary and the bit is made to rotate.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 100]    100Inclined bitstock:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 99.  Machine in which the bit-stock is adapted to work, in reaming out the hub, at an angle to the hub-axis.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 103]    103Swinging:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Machine pivoted, usually overhead, and adapted to be freely swung to any operative position within their radius.
(1) Note. The bit-stock is usually also free to be moved to any angle.

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83, Cutting,   subclass 490 for a rotating or oscillating tool carrier for a cutting machine.
451, Abrading,   subclasses 139 , 174+, 236, 280, and 310 for an abrading machine in which the tool is mounted in a swinging carrier permitting its application to and removal from the work as desired.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 104]    104Handheld portable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Hand-machine for general use adapted to be carried from place to place by the operator.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 106]    106Angularly adjustable:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 104.  Machine which can be adjusted to bore at any desired angle with respect to the surface of the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 108]    108Hand-operated step feed of long work:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 92.  Machine in which the work-carriage is adapted to be moved, from one position for boring to the next, by manually operating some catch or other holding device.
(1) Note. The carriage usually has notches or other gauge upon it to indicate how far it is to be moved, and the catch falls successively into the notches.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 114.1]    114.1PLANER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine having a cutter for smoothing the surface of lumber.
(1) Note. A machine for producing a planar surface on rough lumber is included herein, and may simply comprise a machine made into a "planar" by the mere substitution of a straight knife for one of irregular outline.

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36,for a machine for planing and matching.
134.1+,for a machine for the miscellaneous shaping of wood.

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30, Cutlery,   subclasses 475+ for a hand-manipulable powered planer.
83, Cutting,   for a machine for subdividing work by a sharp cutting edge, generally.
125, Stone Working,   subclass 9 for a planer for smoothing the surface of stone.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   subclasses 288+ for a planer of general utility.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 115]    115Scraper:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine or device in which the face of the knife is nearly at right angles to the work while acting, so that there is no true cutting action.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 116]    116Double surfacer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine of the rotary-cylinder type adapted to plan both sides of the work simultaneously.

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36,for a machine for planing and matching.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 117.1]    117.1Rotary cylindrical cutter
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine in which the knife-edges describe a cylindrical surface in contact with the rectilinearly moving work.

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36,for combined planing and matching.
37,for combined planing, matching, and dividing.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 117.2]    117.2Inclined:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine including a work support or work carriage having a generally planar upper surface on which a workpiece is intended to rest; and including a cutter positionable to cut a planar surface on the opposite side of the workpiece such that the cut surface is sloped with respect to the planar surface of the support or carriage.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 117.3]    117.3Edge trimmer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine particularly adapted to plane the narrow, longitudinally extending side of lumber.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 117.4]    117.4Traveling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine particularly adapted to move with respect to stationary work during the planing operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 118]    118Rotary disk cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine including a cutting knife set in the face of a disk which describes a circular path in contact with the work.

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30, Cutlery,   subclass 477 for a hand-manipulable, powered, planing device with a rotary cutter axis perpendicular to the work.
451, Abrading,   for finishing the surface of a workpiece by a tool comprised of naturally occurring crystals, particularly subclasses 259+ for such a machine which uses a rotary disc tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 119.1]    119.1Traveling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 118.  Disk machine in which the disk has motions of both rotation and translation laterally of its axis with respect to the work.

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451, Abrading,   subclasses 259+ for an abrading machine that uses a rotary disk.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 119.2]    119.2Bowling alley:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 119.1.  Disk machine particularly adapted to plane the surface of a wood lane used in the game of "bowling."

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451, Abrading,   subclass 353 for a machine intended to polish or grind the surface of a floor with a disc-shaped abrading tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 120]    120Stationary cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine in which a knife of the general bench plane type is fixed and the work forced past it.

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155,for a fixed knife shaver.

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125, Stone Working,   subclass 9 for planing of stone.
409, Gear Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   subclasses 321+ for a planing machine, generally, with a reciprocating cutter infeed.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 121]    121Reciprocating cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine in which the work is held stationary or slowly fed while the cutter cyclically starts from a point, then moves over the work, returns along generally the same path to a point near the starting point, only to then advance progressively further along the work .

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147,for a wood shaping machine that uses a reciprocating cutter.

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409, Gear-Cutting, Milling, or Planing,   subclasses 288+ for planing that is not restricted to work on a workpiece of wood.
451, Abrading,   subclasses 162+ for finishing the surface of a workpiece by a tool comprised of naturally occurring crystals, particularly subclasses 162+ for such machine which uses a reciprocating tool.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 122]    122Laterally reciprocating:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 121.  Machine in which the cutter reciprocates at right angles to the direction of progression.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 123]    123Endless cutter carrier:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine in which a series of cutters are connected to each other to form a continuous loop and pass the work always in one direction and return out of contact with the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 124]    124Laterally beveling:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine for surfacing work one side of which is thicker than the other (i.e., for beveling work in a plane at right-angles to the direction of feed).
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 125]    125Longitudinally beveling, inclined work pocket:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine which bevels in the direction of the grain or feed, the work meanwhile resting in a recess deeper at one end than at the other.

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43,for a woodworking machine which both slices and shaves.

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69, Leather Manufactures,   subclasses 9+ for a machine for splitting or beveling leather.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 126]    126Longitudinally beveling, shifting cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine surfacing work thicker at one end than at the other by moving the cutter in a path substantially at right angles to that of the travel of the work.

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44,for a woodworking machine which both slices and shaves by use of converging knives.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 127.1]    127.1Longitudinally beveling, shifting work support:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine for surfacing work thicker at one end than at the other by moving the work holder or guide with reference to the cutter at substantially a right angle to the path of travel of the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 127.2]    127.2Shingle planer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 127.1.  Machine particularly adapted to form a tapered surface on a roofing board.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 128]    128Endless work carrier:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine in which the work is carried past the cutter by chain feed or by connected or disconnected sections continually returned to the front of the machine-frame.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 129]    129Adjustable work support:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Device for varying the position of the work-supporting bed with reference to the machine-frame and cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 130]    130Adjustable cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Means for varying the position of the cutter with reference to the path of the work or to the machine-frame.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 130.2]    130.2Planer sharpener:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 114.1.  Machine combined with means to restore the sharp cutting edge of the cutter.

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76, Metal Tools and Implements, Making,   subclasses 81 through 89.2for making and then sharpening a tool.
451, Abrading,   for a tool sharpener of general utility.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 131]    131Bearings:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 117.1.  Machine including specific reference to the journal-bearing which supports the cylindrical cutter of a wood-planer.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 132]    132Bit adjustment:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 120.  Means for varying the position of the knife of a stationary cutter with reference to the holding-stock or to the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 133.1]    133.1GAINING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for cutting a groove in lumber at substantially right angles to the grain.
(1) Note. Gaining is, broadly, the cutting of a notch in a board to receive another part. However, more specifically, it is a technique for using lumber of irregular thickness by notching it more deeply at the thicker joints with connecting members. For example, a machine for notching the bottoms of irregular thickness flooring joists where they rest on the sill so that the tops of all joists are level with each other is included herein.
(2) Note. Gaining, of this subclass, is usually by means of a rotary cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 133.2]    133.2Tie gaining, ties (skepers) pass through machine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 133.1.  Machine for gaining a wood member intended to rest on railway ballast and support a railway rail by allowing the wood member to move relative to the gaining tool and relative to the support structure thereof.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 133.3]    133.3Traveling on railway track:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 133.1.  Machine supported and transported by wheels adapted to roll along a railroad.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 134.1]    134.1SHAPING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for producing product of predetermined shape or outline in which the depth of the cut is not limited, and in which structural modification other than a mere change of cutter outline is necessary to adapt the device for finishing plane surfaces.
(1) Note. The product of this subclass is usually of irregular shape or pattern.

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203+,for tenoning by use of a rotary, gaining cutter, particularly subclass 204 for cutting multiple tenons.

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12, Boot and Shoe Making,   subclasses 42+ for a heel machine under that class, particularly subclass 46 for seal cutting, subclasses 47+ for breasting, and subclasses 85+ for a sole or heel edge trimming machine.
30, Cutlery,   subclasses 131+ for a hand- manipulated shear for cutting the end of a bamboo phonograph needle at a definite angle.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 134.2]    134.2Wooden shoe or wood shoe last making:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine intended to construct, of wood, a member intended to be worn on the foot of a man; or to make, of wood, a member to become a foot underlying, stiffening part of a member intended to be worn on the foot of a man.
(1) Note. A wood shoe may be called a sabot.

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24.22,for a special work machine for making a wooden shoe or wood last.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 134.3]    134.3Heel forming:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine particularly adapted to shaping the exposed underlayment at the rear of a shoe to be worn by a human being.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 135]    135Box trimming:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine for planing a side or trimming the cover of a small container.

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6.5,7 and 24.03+, for a special work machine for making a box.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 135.2]    135.2Vertical spindle:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine including a supporting base having a tool support that turns about an axis that extends up and down.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 135.3]    135.3Overhanging cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine including a work support and including a tool support, wherein the tool support is configured to suspend the tool above the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 135.4]    135.4Overhanging, horizontal swinging cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine wherein the tool support is further constructed to allow the tool to move with respect to the work during performance of the shaping operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.1]    136.1Grooving machine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine for longitudinally scoring or corrugating a wooden work surface.

SEE OR SEARCH CLASS:

83, Cutting,   subclasses 875+ for grooving, generally (i.e., when not particularly adapted to grooving of wood).
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.2]    136.2Grooving gunstock:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine intended to shape the wood portion of a manually supported firearm intended to support the firearm against gravity or recoil.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.3]    136.3Grooving battery spacer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to scoring a member intended to isolate a plate of an electricity storing electric cell.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.4]    136.4Grooving umbrella stick:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to scoring the wooden central support of an umbrella.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.5]    136.5Grooving core box:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to score a container intended to receive the green sand to be used in a casting operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.6]    136.6Grooving stairway stringer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to score a structural member of a building stairway.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.7]    136.7Grooving log:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to score a generally straight section of wood, as cut off the trunk of a tree.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.8]    136.8Forming hand hold:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine adapted make a member adapted to be manually supported during operation.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.9]    136.9Forming corner groove:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine particularly adapted to scoring the juncture of intersecting grooves in a wood workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 136.95]    136.95Hand tool means:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 136.1.  Machine intended to be supported or manipulated by an operative during use.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 137]    137Pattern:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine for working to pattern or for producing predetermined figures and not otherwise classifiable.

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12, Boot and Shoe Making,   subclass 85 and indented subclasses for a shoe sole or heel edge trimming machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 138]    138Polygonal form, indexed work:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine for forming work of regular polygonal cross-section (e.g., a baluster) by a cutter or by a plurality of cutters acting successively on the sides of the work, the work being turned through equal angles by the supporting mechanism to present each side in turn to the cutters and then held stationary during the action of the cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 139]    139Rotating table, shifting cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine in which definitely-recurring figures are produced by the combined movements of a rotating worktable and a guided cutter.

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154,for a wood shaping machine including a rotary work carrier.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 140]    140Gear-guided cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine which the shaping cutter moves transversely and is controlled by a gear-train or system of change-gears.

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147, Coopering,   subclass 45 for a barrel hoop making machine which unites the ends of the hoop by lapping and pointing and subclass 46 for a barrel hoop making machine which unites the ends of the hoop by lock cutting.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 141]    141Crank-guided cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine for producing recurring figures in which the transverse cutter motion is controlled by a crank.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 142]    142Cutter guiding cam:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine for producing definitely-recurring figures by the combined motion of the work and cutter, the latter being given its motion of a translation by a cam.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 143]    143Work guiding cam:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine similar to the last preceding except that the cam shifts the work transversely with reference to the cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.1]    144.1Cutter guiding templet:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine particularly adapted for following a guide form for directing the machine to cause the cutter to move and produce a defined figure.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.2]    144.2Shaping stringed musical instrument :
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.1.  Machine particularly adapted to shape a component of a readily transportable device having strings under tension intended to produce musical tones when vibrated.
(1) Note. Included herein is shaping a wood component of a violin, guitar, mandolin, etc., but not shaping a component of a piano.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.3]    144.3Shaping propeller:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.1.  Machine particularly adapted to shape a member intended to turn in a fluid or gas to develop driving force by reaction therewith.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.4]    144.4Shaping oar:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.1.  Machine particularly adapted to shape a member intended to be manually maneuvered in a fluid to develop driving force by reaction therewith.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.41]    144.41Horizontally swingable tool support:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.1.  Machine including a member which holds the cutter against gravity and turns about an axis that extends vertically.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.51]    144.51Templet, per se:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.1.  A templet for use in the machine of ... .
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 144.52]    144.52Guide track:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 144.51.  Templet including a slot or a rail used to direct the operation of a woodworking machine.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 145.1]    145.1Work guiding templet:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 137.  Machine particularly adapted for following a guide form for directing the machine to cause the work to move and produce a defined figure.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 145.2]    145.2Vertical spindle cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1.  Machine including a cutter that turns about an axis that extends up and down.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 145.3]    145.3Including work engaging, antifriction collar:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 145.2.  Machine including a work engaging member riding on the cutter spindle, which member is rotatable with respect to the spindle, wherein the member is intended to rollingly engage the workpiece and guide the cutter relative to the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 145.4]    145.4Shaping last:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 145.1.  Machine particularly adapted to shape a form on which a shoe for a human being is to be made.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 146]    146Oscillating knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine for shaping work by means of a pivoted knife-arm.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 147]    147Reciprocating knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine in which a straight or pattern knife is reciprocated along a straight line.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 148]    148Plural reversible cutters:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine having double cutters, one idle while the other is cutting, and means for reversing both the position of the cutters and their direction or rotation with reference to the feed as may be required by the character of the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 149]    149Pattern knife, swinging frame:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine in which an outlined or pattern knife is mounted after the manner of a swinging saw.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 150]    150Rotary disk cutter, end thrust:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine having rotary cutter of the disk type, usually with pattern knives, and arranged to give relative movement between cutter and work in the direction of the axis of the cutter.

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408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   for a drilling machine in which a rotating drill is fed along the axis of rotation of the drill relative to the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 151]    151Universally jointed cutter shaft:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine in which the cutter-shaft is so mounted as to allow the rotary cutter to have movement of translation in more than one plane.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 152]    152Shaping of curved-work guide:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 151.  Machine having such arrangement of guide-rollers or outline of guides as permits the shaping of circular and similar curves.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 153]    153Curved-bar work support:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine usually of the vertical-spindle type, having a curve-topped work supporting bar instead of a work supporting table, permitting work to be swung in more than one plane.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 154]    154Rotary work carrier:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine having a work-support capable of carrying a workpiece in a circular path past one or more cutting-tools.

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139,for a shaping machine including a rotating table and a pattern controlled shifting cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 154.5]    154.5Hand tool:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 134.1.  Machine adapted to be randomly manipulated during operation by the hand of the operative.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 155]    155FIXED KNIFE SHAVER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for producing a smooth surface on wood, cane, or rattan and at the same time gaging the thickness of the dressed piece by forcing the material under a fixed knife.
(1) Note. Somewhat similar machines may be found in this class, subclass 120, in which subclass is classified a machine otherwise resembling a shaving-machine, but having several plane bits mounted in blocks in order to remove the surface material by several successive shallow cuts.

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120,for a planer having a stationary cutter.
175,for a slicer having a fixed knife.
184,for a riving machine having a fixed knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 156]    156Circular knife block rattan shaver:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 155.  Machine for shaving rattan which has knives set radially in a circular knife-block, through which the rattan is forced.

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142, Wood Turning,   subclass 29 for means for cutting a rotating workpiece by a cutter chisel and subclass 31 for such a device wherein the cutter chisel is radially movable.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 157]    157Drum feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 155.  Shaving machine in which the work is caught by a gripping device on the surface of a drum and drawn under the knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 158]    158Roller feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 155.  Shaving machine in which feed-rolls are employed as means to convey the work to the knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 159]    159KNIFE PAIR SHAVER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Shaving machine provided with a pair of fixed knifes, between which the work is fed by various means.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 160]    160Gripper:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Machine in which the end of the work is clamped by a gripping mechanism and drawn between the shaving-knives.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 161]    161Roller feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 159.  Shaving machine in which feed-rolls force the work between the pair of fixed knives.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 162.1]    162.1SLICER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for cutting up wood by knife action without following the grain.
(1) Note. Included herein is dividing of lumber into boards, blocks, or strips.

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182+,for a riving machine.
192,for a splitting and bundling machine.
193+,for a splitting machine, especially subclasses 194+ for a self-feeding splitting machine.

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69, Leather Manufactures,   subclasses 9+ for a machine for splitting or beveling leather.
241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,   for apparatus for reducing wood to nonshaped particles. See the line stated in section 4 of the main class definition of Class 241.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 163]    163Re-slicer:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Machine which severs a slice from a block and then divides the slice into smaller pieces.

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195,for a self-feeding splitting machine that uses a roller or belt.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 164]    164Strip cutting by converging knives:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Machine whereby strips are severed from a log by knives whose edges are set approximately at right angles.
(1) Note. No special form of knife and no special kind of feed is required for the machine of this subclass.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 165]    165Lathe feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 164.  Slicing machine including means for supporting a workpiece comprising a log which is centered between chucks and rotated, wherein one knife cuts tangentially and another radially, the former knife cutting continuously during the rotation of the log and the latter knife cutting only at intervals to divide the veneer severed from the log by the former knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 166]    166Strip cutting by lathe feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine including means for supporting a workpiece comprising a log which is mounted between a pair of chucks and rotated step by step by ratchet mechanism, the strips being cut by knives mounted in a block which reciprocates longitudinally of the log.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 167]    167Arc cut:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the work rests upon a fixed table and is sliced by an oscillating knife, or the work rests upon an oscillating table which forces the work against a fixed knife.

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33,for a machine for making a tray.
146,for a shaping machine which uses an oscillating knife.
177,for a slicer with an oscillating log stay.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 168]    168Beveling machine having means for alternate end feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the block to be sliced is fed to a reciprocating knife by a mechanism which causes each end to be alternately advanced farther than the other so that the slices severed by the knife shall be thicker at one end than the other.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 169]    169Beveling machine having shifting, knife guide:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the inclination of the knife-guard to the work-supporting table is changed at each stroke of the knife in order to impart a bevel to the slice cut off.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 170]    170Beveling machine having tilting gauge:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the thickness of the slice severed is determined by a tilting gauge against which the block is pressed before each cut.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 171]    171Beveling machine having tilting table:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the bevel is imparted to the slice by tilting the worktable at each stroke of the knife to change the inclination of the table to the plane of the knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 172]    172Cylindrical cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the slicing-knives are mounted upon the curved surface of a rotating cylinder and the work is fed to the knife in any way desired.

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241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,   subclasses 91 and 93 for a similar device adapted for comminution.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 173]    173Grooving:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 172.  Machine having a cutting mechanism consisting of one or more cylinders provided with circumferential ribs which divide a sheet of veneer passed under or between them.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 174]    174With radial knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 172.  Machine including a rotating cylinder having radial knives divides a veneer into strips, or scores the surface of a log preparatory to the action of a veneer-shaving knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 175]    175Fixed knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the block is cut into slices by being forced by hand or otherwise forced against a fixed knife.

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120,155, 184, for other woodworking by a fixed knife.
178,for a machine in which the work is clamped upon a reciprocating carriage which carries it over a knife.

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241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,   subclass 95 for a similar device adapted for comminution.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 176]    176Rotary disk:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the cutting-knives are set in an approximately radial position upon a rotary disk and cut in a plane parallel with that of the disk.

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241, Solid Material Comminution or Disintegration,   subclass 92 for a similar device adapted for comminution.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 177]    177Oscillating log stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the work is clamped by a stay-log which oscillates over or in front of a fixed knife.
(1) Note. Either the knife block or stay-log may be fed forward by any desired means.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 178]    178Reciprocating log stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the stay-log is caused to reciprocate above or in front of a fixed knife.
(1) Note. Either the knife block or stay-log may be fed forward by any desired means.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 179]    179Screw fed log stay:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein a reciprocating knife severs the slices from a block held by a stay-log which is fed forward by a screw mechanism.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 180]    180Hopper feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein a slicing-knife reciprocating beneath a hopper in which the block to be sliced is placed.
(1) Note. The block may be fed downward by its own weight, or pressure may be employed to force it down.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 181]    181Roller feed:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the work is fed to the cutting mechanism by rollers which also gauge the thickness of the slice.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 181.2]    181.2Bottom cutting:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine wherein the support structure for the cutting means is physically located below the work.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 181.3]    181.3Tapered product:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 162.1.  Slicing machine for making a product that is wider at one end than at the other.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 182]    182RIVING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine which divides lumber into approximately equal pieces by means of a knife which cuts with the grain.
(1) Note. The machine of this subclass differs from a splitting-machine in that it actually cuts the material instead of rending it by wedge action, as is done in splitting.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 183]    183Beveling machine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 182.  Riving machine in which the knife may be shifted with relation to the work-guide so as to divide the stock into tapered pieces.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 184]    184Fixed knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 182.  Machine for dividing wood work (e.g., rattan, hoop-poles, whalebone, or the like) by forcing the work against a fixed knife.

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155,and 175, for other woodworking by a fixed knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 185]    185SLIVERING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for cutting wood to form a thin, strip product (e.g., excelsior, a match-splint, or toothpick).
(1) Note. The component of a slivering machine is included herein, even in the absence of a claimed cutter for forming a sliver. For example, a subcombinational structure for receiving or handling the product of the operation of this subclass (e.g., without claiming the cutter) may be found here if there are sufficient limitations to place such a device in this class.
(2) Note. The product of this subclass may be called, for example, a sliver or a splint.

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50+,for match making for the operation of this class combined with an additional operation (e.g., forming a match head) in the formation of an ignitable match.
196,and 197, for woodworking by a punching cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 186]    186Scoring plane:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 185.  Slivering machine wherein the cutting mechanism consists of a block provided with two sets of cutters, one for scoring the surface and one for severing the slivers from the block.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 187]    187On endless belt:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 186.  Slivering machine wherein the scoring-plane is attached to an endless belt or chain which carried it forward, the block being held stationary.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 188]    188Rotary:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 186.  Slivering machine wherein the scoring-planes are fixed upon a rotating disk or platform, the block being held stationary.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 189]    189Gang saw:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 185.  Machine including a gang of saws.
(1) Note. Included herein is dividing match cards, cutting wooden pins, etc.
(2) Note. The saws of this subclass may be circular or reciprocating.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 190]    190Plunger and fixed knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 185.  Slivering machine wherein the cutting mechanism consists of a fixed knife or pair of knives over which a sheet of veneer is fed and a reciprocating plunger which severs the slivers by driving the veneer down upon the knives.

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197,for a punching cutter including a fixed die.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 191]    191Receiving and handling device:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 185.  Slivering machine including a chute or other device for attachment to a slivering-machine to receive, straighten, or assemble slivers for packing.

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50+,for match making generally and subclass 61 indented thereunder for matchbox filling.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 192]    192SPLITTING AND BUNDLING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine which split a block of wood along the grain and also binds the split pieces into bundles.
(1) Note. Included herein is splitting of wood by hand or other power.

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182+,for riving

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81, Tools,   subclasses 463+ and see the notes thereto for other impact tools.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 193.1]    193.1SPLITTING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for splitting a block of wood whether operated by hand or other power.

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81, Tools,   subclasses 463+ ; see the notes thereto for other impact tools.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 193.2]    193.2Tapered or wedge shaped product:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Machine intended to form a product that is progressively thicker at one end than at the other.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 194]    194Self-feeding:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine provided with a mechanism for feeding a block to the blades.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195]    195Roller or belt:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 194.  Splitting machines having a roller or endless belt to feed the block to the splitting-blades.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.1]    195.1To be driven by fluid pressure:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine including a member that is hydraulically caused to approach a coacting member to split a wood workpiece therebetween, wherein one of the members is a tapered splitting implement or wherein one is a movable pushing member intended to move a wood workpiece toward a tapered splitting implement.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.2]    195.2Drop type:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine including means to lift the wood workpiece and allow it to fall on a surface to subdivide the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.3]    195.3Splitting gun:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine adapted to use explosive material to directly effect the splitting, wherein the machine is supported manually or by the work during use.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.4]    195.4Hand-operated fixed splitting machine:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine that is base mounted for support, wherein splitting is effected by energy input thereto by the operative.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.5]    195.5Hand tool:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine intended to be supported or manipulated manually when in use.

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195.8+,for a wedge used for splitting or lifting a component of wood.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.6]    195.6With adjustable work support:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine including means to maintain the workpiece against gravity during operation, which means is repositionable with respect to the splitting means.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.7]    195.7To be driven by impacting member:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 195.8.  Splitting machine wherein the splitting member is moved by a freely swung hammer during use.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.8]    195.8Wedge:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine including a specifically recited splitting member comprised of a leading sharp edge and an attached cam surface intended to penetrate a wood workpiece and shove one portion thereof from another portion.

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195.5,for a wedge including a handle for manual support or manipulation thereof.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 195.9]    195.9Anvil, chopping, or splitting block:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 193.1.  Splitting machine including specific details of a horizontal reaction member, a vertical reaction member, or of the structure intended to effect splitting.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 196]    196PUNCHING CUTTER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine including a cutter for cutting out pieces or simply cutting holes by mere punching action.

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53,and 55, for making matches by use of a die punch.

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83, Cutting,   relating to blanking out products from or punching holes in solid material, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 197]    197Fixed die:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 196.  Punching-cutter in which the wood is forced upon a fixed die.

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56,and 190, for other cutting by a fixed die.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 198.1]    198.1TENONING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for making a tenon at the end of a piece of wood.

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6,for relishing in blind and sash cutting.
133.1+,for gaining.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 199]    199Blind slat:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1.  Machine adapted to tenon blind-slats.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 200]    200Machine having rotary cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1.  Machine adapted to form a tenon by some sort of a rotary cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 201]    201Rotary gaining cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 200.  Machine for forming a tenon by a rotary gaining-cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 202]    202Chisel pair:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1.  Machine with oppositely-placed chisel-cutters which simultaneously cut both shoulders of the tenon.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 203]    203Rotary gaining cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1.  Machine which is adapted to cut a tenon by a rotary gaining cutter.

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83, Cutting,   subclasses 870+ for a process of or apparatus for cutting a tenon cut by grooving apparatus.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 204]    204Multiple tenon:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 203.  Machine adapted to simultaneously gain two or more tenons.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 204.2]    204.2Attachment to a table saw:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 198.1.  Tenoning machine comprising subcombination of elements intended to be physically and functionally secured to a conventional base-mounted wood sawing machine.

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83, Cutting,   for a base-mounted sawing machine of general utility, particularly subclasses 438+ for a table saw with means to guide moving work and subclasses 469+ for a "radial arm saw."
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 205]    205TENON TURNING MACHINE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine adapted to make a tenon by turning.

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199,for means for making a tenon in a slat of a window blind.

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82, Turning,   for cutting a workpiece which rotates and moves radially with respect to a cutter, generally.
408, Cutting by Use of Rotating Axially Moving Tool,   for cutting a workpiece by a tool that rotates with respect thereto without radial movement between the tool and the workpiece.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 206]    206Wheel spoke:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 205.  Machine for turning a spoke-tenon.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 207]    207OSIER PEELER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for removing the bark from a wither or osier by scraping or rubbing.
(1) Note. A "wither or osier" comprises a branch (or "slender trunk" of any of several willow trees.) The product of this subclass is commonly used in basket making.
(2) Note. Included here is a device for extracting source material for the manufacture of aspirin.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.1]    208.1BARK ROSSER:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for cutting the bark from a workpiece comprising a log, slab, or tree.
(1) Note. Included herein is a machine which leaves the bark in sheets, as well as a machine which cuts the bark up into small bits.

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30, Cutlery,   subclass 121 for a hand manipulated tree hack for rossing bark.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.2]    208.2Tree climber:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser particularly to engage a standing tree and move up the tree as it cuts the bark therefrom.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.3]    208.3Hydraulically driven cutter or hydraulic jet:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser wherein (a) a cutter is caused to move and perform the cutting operation by the action of fluid pressure or (b) cutting is performed by the direct engagement of a fluid blast.
(1) Note. The hydraulic jet of this subclass may (a) coact with an opposing cutting edge, (b) coact with an opposing fluid blast, or (c) act directly without any deliberate application of opposing force to the workpiece.

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83, Cutting,   subclass 177 for cutting a workpiece by use of a fluid blast where there is a reactive surface or a reactive blast, generally.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.4]    208.4Including means to simultaneously rotate and advance log:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser wherein the work comprises a log, including a log supporting member adapted to transport the log and, at the same time, cause that log to turn about its longitudinal axis as it is engaged by a rossing cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.5]    208.5Including means to sequentially advance work:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser including a log, slab, or tree engaging member which serves to move the log, slab, or tree step-by-step with respect to the rossing cutter.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.6]    208.6Nontraveling work:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser wherein, during rossing the work is not being transported.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.7]    208.7Tethered percussive tool (e.g., chain, cable, flail, hammer):
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser including means for cutting the bark from a workpiece is loosely secured, either directly or by an intermediate member, to the periphery of a rotary driver.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.8]    208.8Hollow head cutter:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser including means for cutting the bark from a workpiece is cylindrical and has a peripheral axially extending cutting edge.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.9]    208.9Drum or tank:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Machine including means for cutting the bark from a workpiece comprising a cylindrical member having a cutting edge extending therealong, and exposed for cutting engagement with the workpiece either radially outwardly or radially inwardly.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.91]    208.91Disk knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Machine including means for cutting the bark from a workpiece comprising a platelike, circular member with a sharp peripheral edge.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 208.92]    208.92Handtool:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 208.1.  Rosser adapted to be supported during use by the hand of an operative.

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30, Cutlery,   subclass 121 for a hand-manipulated tree hack for rossing bark.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 209.1]    209.1VENEER LATHE:
 This subclass is indented under the class definition.  Machine for shaving a thin layer of wood from the surface of a log which is centered between chucks and rotated against a knife.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 210]    210Convertible:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 209.1.  Veneer-lathe including a stay-log which may be given a reciprocating or oscillatory instead of a rotary motion.
  
[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 211]    211Inclined knife:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 209.1.  Lathe in which the cutting-knives are set at an angle to the axis of the rotating log.
  
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[List of Patents for class 144 subclass 212]    212Knife or knife block:
 This subclass is indented under subclass 209.1.  Lathe including a knife of peculiar form or mechanism for supporting and shifting the knife while cutting the veneer.